Bukti: Bukan Warga Negara Tidak Memilih dalam Jumlah Besar pada Pemilu AS

21 Oktober 2026

203 dan 214. Pemungutan Suara oleh Non-Warga Negara: Jutaan yang Hilang | Brennan Center for Justice. https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/noncitizen-voting-missing-millions. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

210. Pemungutan Suara oleh Non-Warga Negara Tidak Mempengaruhi Pemilihan Negara Bagian maupun Federal — Inilah Mengapa | Brennan Center for Justice. 10 Okt. 2024, https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/noncitizens-are-not-voting-federal-or-state-elections-heres-why.

264. Pemungutan Suara oleh Non-Warga Negara Sudah Legalitasnya Ilegal — dan Sangat Langka | Brennan Center for Justice. 12 Apr. 2024, https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/noncitizen-voting-already-illegal-and-vanishingly-rare.

—. Mengapa Mitos Pemungutan Suara oleh Non-Warga Negara Bertahan | Brennan Center for Justice. https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/why-myth-noncitizen-voting-persists. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

Ansolabehere, Stephen, dkk. “Bahaya Memilih Peristiwa Frekuensi Rendah dalam Survei Sampel Besar.” Electoral Studies, vol. 40, Des. 2015, hal. 409–10. ScienceDirect, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2015.07.002.

Asylum | USCIS. 4 Sept. 2024, https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/refugees-and-asylum/asylum.

Berzon, Alexandra. “Partai Republik Memanfaatkan Teori-Teori Palsu Tentang Pemungutan Suara Imigran.” The New York Times, 5 Sept. 2024. NYTimes.com, https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/05/us/politics/immigrant-noncitizen-voting-republicans.html.

Blitzer, Jonathan. “Bagaimana Trump Berharap Memanfaatkan Mitos Tentang Kecurangan Pemilih pada November.” The New Yorker, 22 Sept. 2024. www.newyorker.com, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2024/09/30/how-trump-hopes-to-exploit-the-myth-of-voter-fraud-in-november.

Bump, Philip. “PITCH GOTV Trump: Demokrat Membayar Imigran untuk Datang Memilih Demokrat.” The Washington Post, 19 Oct. 2018, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2018/10/19/trumps-gotv-pitch-democrats-are-paying-immigrants-come-vote-democrats/.

“Can Noncitizens Vote in US Elections?” AP News, 19 Oct. 2022, https://apnews.com/article/2022-midterm-elections-noncitizens-voting-question-d720a6d02e066700d86812dc717906e5.

Carroll, Lauren. “Donald Trump Salah Menyatakan Non-Warga Negara Dapat Memilih Saat Ada Pendaftaran Pemilih di Hari yang Sama.” @politifact, https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2016/may/08/donald-trump/donald-trump-wrongly-says-noncitizens-can-vote-whe/. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

Kewarganegaraan dan Naturalisasi | USCIS. 5 Juli 2020, https://www.uscis.gov/citizenship/learn-about-citizenship/citizenship-and-naturalization.

“Audit Kewarganegaraan Menemukan 1.634 Nonwarga Negara Berusaha Mendaftar Memilih.” Georgia Secretary of State, 28 Mar. 2022, https://sos.ga.gov/news/citizenship-audit-finds-1634-noncitizens-attempted-register-vote.

Comprehensive Bill Search. http://tracker.votingrightslab.org/pending/search. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

Debunking the Voter Fraud Myth | Brennan Center for Justice. https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/debunking-voter-fraud-myth. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

“Bahkan Sebelum Pemilihan, Trump, Sekutu-Sekutunya Menggugat Klaim Bahwa Non-Warga Negara Mungkin Memilih.” Reuters, 20 Sept. 2024. www.reuters.com, https://www.reuters.com/world/us/even-before-election-trump-allies-sue-over-claims-that-non-citizens-might-vote-2024-09-19/.

Garcia, Berenice. “Seorang Pembawa Acara Fox News yang Konspirasi Pemilu-nya telah Dibantah Tampaknya Memicu Penyidikan Negara Bagian.” The Texas Tribune, 26 Agu 2024, https://www.texastribune.org/2024/08/26/texas-voter-registration-election-ken-paxton-investigation/.

“GOP Menargetkan ‘Pemungutan Suara Non-Warga Negara.’ Para pakar Sepakat Ini Bukan Masalah.” Los Angeles Times, 12 Sept. 2024, https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2024-09-12/noncitizen-voting-republicans.

Graves, Allison. “Trump Salah tentang Persentase Pemilih Non-Warga Negara.” @politifact, https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2016/oct/24/donald-trump/donald-trump-wrongly-says-14-percent-noncitizens-a/. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

Hartig, Ruth Igielnik, Scott Keeter dan Hannah. “Di Balik Kemenangan Biden pada 2020.” Pew Research Center, 30 Jun 2021, https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2021/06/30/behind-bidens-2020-victory/.

Help America Vote Act | U.S. Election Assistance Commission. https://www.eac.gov/about/help_america_vote_act.aspx. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

“Bagaimana sebuah Pos yang Keliru Mengklaim Migran Mendaftar Memilih Menyebar ke Jutaan Orang dalam Empat Minggu.” NBC News, 1 Mei 2024, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/misinformation-migrants-illegally-registered-vote-rcna149557.

“Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996.” Ballotpedia, https://ballotpedia.org/Illegal_Immigration_Reform_and_Immigrant_Responsibility_Act_of_1996. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

Kight, Stef W. “Mengapa Tidak Ada Gelombang Besar Imigran Memilih Secara Ilegal.” Axios, 30 Mar. 2024, https://www.axios.com/2024/03/30/no-big-wave-immigrants-voting-illegally-trump.

Kilgore, Ed. “Aksi SAVE Act Mike Johnson yang Mungkin Menyudutkan Pemerintah.” Intelligencer, 11 Sept. 2024, https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/mike-johnson-save-act-stunt-shut-down-government.html.

Kruzel, John. “Bukti Tidak ada ‘banyak’ Imigran Ilegal Memilih pada Pemilu Tengah.” @politifact, https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2018/nov/16/lou-dobbs/no-evidence-many-illegal-immigrants-voted-midterm-/. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

Lempert, Julianne, dkk. “Lima Hal yang Perlu Diketahui Tentang SAVE Act.” Bipartisan Policy Center, 10 Juli 2024, https://bipartisanpolicy.org/blog/five-things-to-know-about-the-save-act/.

Levitt, Justin. The Truth About Voter Fraud. New York University School of Law, 2007.
Limited-Term Driver’s License and Identification Card. https://www.sos.texas.gov/elections/laws/advisory2024-30.shtml. Diakses 15 Okt. 2024.

Major Pending Election Cases | Key Cases Addressing Claims Concerning the 2020 Presidential Election. https://electioncases.osu.edu/2021/01/summary-of-post-election-cases/. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

Mathis, Joel, dan The Week US. “Mengapa Terjadi Penutupan Pemerintahan Sebelum Pemilihan?” TheWeek, 10 Sept. 2024, https://theweek.com/politics/government-shutdown-2024-election.

News, A. B. C. “Demokrat Sekali Lagi Membantu Rumah DPR Menghindari Penutupan Pemerintah Lain.” ABC News, https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/schumer-senate-ready-pass-bill-avoid-shutdown-house/story?id=114076429. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

“Noncitizen Voting Isn’t an Issue in Federal Elections, Regardless of Conspiracy Theories. Here’s Why.” AP News, 12 Apr. 2024, https://apnews.com/article/trump-immigrant-voting-noncitizens-elections-explained-cf4c73b336147b5f5d9c2a22b2564994.

Hak Suara Non-Warga Negara dalam Pemilihan Badan Sekolah Lokal | San Francisco. https://www.sf.gov/non-citizen-voting-rights-local-board-education-elections. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

Quick Start Management Guide Provisional Ballots. U.S. Election Commission, Okt 2008, https://www.eac.gov/sites/default/files/document_library/files/Quick_Start-Provisional_Ballots.pdf.

Replacement Theory | Definisi, Teori Konspirasi, Renaud Camus, & Fakta | Britannica. 1 Okt 2024, https://www.britannica.com/topic/replacement-theory.

Republican National Committee Election Integrity & Litigation Efforts. Republican National Committee, https://prod-static.gop.com/media/documents/RNC_Election_Integrity__Litigation_Efforts_2.14.24_1708716277.pdf.

Roy, Chip. Safeguard American Voter Eligibility Act atau SAVE Act. H.R.8281, 5 Juli 2024, https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-bill/8281.

“Secretary Raffensperger Merujuk 1.600 Registrant Non-Warga Negara ke Pengacara Daerah, GBI, Dewan Pemilihan Negara Bagian.” Georgia Secretary of State, 11 Apr. 2022, https://sos.ga.gov/news/secretary-raffensperger-refers-1600-noncitizen-registrants-local-das-gbi-state-election-board.

Slattery, Gram. “Kampanye Trump Meluncurkan Upaya Melawan Kecurangan Pemilih.” Reuters, 19 Apr. 2024. www.reuters.com, https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-campaign-launches-effort-fight-voter-fraud-2024-04-19/.

So, Linda. “Wawasan: Pendukung ‘Stop the Steal’ Melatih Ribuan Pengamat Pemilu AS.” Reuters, 13 Okt. 2022. www.reuters.com, https://www.reuters.com/world/us/stop-steal-supporters-train-thousands-us-poll-observers-2022-10-13/.

The Myth of Voter Fraud | Brennan Center for Justice. 26 Juni 2024, https://www.brennancenter.org/issues/ensure-every-american-can-vote/vote-suppression/myth-voter-fraud.
“TRUMP CAMPAIGN AND RNC UNVEIL HISTORIC 100,000 PERSON STRONG ELECTION INTEGRITY PROGRAM.” Republican National Committee, 19 Apr. 2024, https://gop.com/press-release/trump-campaign-and-rnc-unveil-historic-100000-person-strong-election-integrity-program/.

“Trump Siswa Mengatakan Migran Tak Diperbolehkan Memilih. Gagasannya Menggoyang Basisnya, Tapi Mengabaikan Realitas.” AP News, 9 Jan. 2024, https://apnews.com/article/trump-migrants-border-voter-fraud-campaign-40bbf5748615a3b1f6087ff920f59278.
“Trump Beritahu Pendukungnya, ‘Guard the Vote.’ Berikut Latar Belakang Frasa dan Mengapa Itu Menimbulkan Kekhawatiran.” AP News, 6 Des. 2023, https://apnews.com/article/trump-guard-vote-election-2024-flynn-39d41fe4f7229d4ab7e1956efc428e10.

Vo, Joshua Eaton, Lauren Rosenthal, Thy Anh. “Sebuah Organisasi Nirlaba dengan Hubungan ke Demokrat Mengirim Jutaan Aplikasi Suara. Pejabat Pemilu Berharap Itu Berhenti.” ProPublica, 23 Okt. 2020, https://www.propublica.org/article/a-nonprofit-with-ties-to-democrats-is-sending-out-millions-of-ballot-applications-election-officials-wish-it-would-stop.

Voting Laws Roundup: September 2024 | Brennan Center for Justice. https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/voting-laws-roundup-september-2024. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

Mengapa Mereka Tidak Biasa Mengantri Saja? | Immigration Research Library. https://www.immigrationresearch.org/report/immigration-policy-center/why-don%E2%80%99t-they-just-get-line. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

Wolf, Zachary B. “Analisis: Apa yang Sebenarnya Diperlihatkan Data tentang Apakah Imigran Tanpa Dokumen Memilih dalam Pemilu AS | CNN Politics.” CNN, 12 Sept. 2024, https://www.cnn.com/2024/09/12/politics/undocumented-immigrants-voting-what-matters/index.html.

https://www.cato.org/blog/noncitizens-dont-illegally-vote-detectable-numbers. Diakses 11 Okt. 2024.

A, dkk. “Trump Terus Mengganggu Legislasi terkait RUU Pemungutan Suara. Inilah Isi RUUnya.” NPR, 25 Juni 2026. Elections. NPR, https://www.npr.org/2026/06/25/nx-s1-5869577/trump-voting-save-america-act.

“Federal Court Strikes Down ICE’s Courthouse Arrest Policy Nationwide.” American Civil Liberties Union, https://www.aclu.org/press-releases/federal-court-strikes-down-ices-courthouse-arrest-policy-nationwide. Diakses 9 Okt. 2026.

Amy Howe. Supreme Court Clears Way for Trump Administration to Use Modified Voter Verification Database. 25 Sept. 2026, https://www.scotusblog.com/2026/09/supreme-court-clears-way-for-trump-administration-to-use-modified-voter-verification-database/.

Izzo, Jack. “Meskipun Klaim Trump, Jumlah Besar Non-Warga Negara Tidak Memilih dalam Pemilu AS.” Snopes, 16 Okt. 2024, https://www.snopes.com//news/2024/10/16/undocumented-immigrants-voting/.

———. “DHS Mengklaim 250K Non-Warga Negara Terdaftar Memilih di 4 Negara Bagian. Inilah Kebenarannya.” Snopes, 28 Jul 2026, https://www.snopes.com//fact-check/dhs-250k-noncitizens-registered-vote/.

———. “Tidak Ada Bukti New Jersey Mendaftar 35.000 Non-Warga Negara untuk Memilih.” Snopes, 23 Jul 2026, https://www.snopes.com//fact-check/new-jersey-35000-noncitizens-registered/.

———. “Mengurai Laporan Amnesty International yang Mengklaim ‘torture’ dan ‘Pelanggaran HAM’ di Alligator Alcatraz.” Snopes, 22 Des. 2025, https://www.snopes.com//news/2025/12/22/amnesty-international-alligator-alcatraz/.

Liles, Jordan. “Apakah Chuck Schumer Berkata ‘tujuan utama kami’ Adalah Memberikan Kewarganegaraan kepada Imigran yang Sudah berada di AS?” Snopes, 8 Okt. 2026, https://www.snopes.com//fact-check/schumer-immigrants-quote/.

Shah, Naureen. “Kami Mendokumentasikan 1.200+ Tindakan oleh ICE. Inilah Temuan Kami.” American Civil Liberties Union, 16 Juli 2026, https://www.aclu.org/news/immigrants-rights/we-documented-1200-actions-by-ice-heres-what-we-found.

State Voting Laws Roundup: October 2026 | Brennan Center for Justice. 23 Apr. 2026, https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-voting-laws-roundup-october-2026.

“The ‘Secret’ Behind Bukele and Trump’s Controversial CECOT Deal.” FRONTLINE | PBS | Official Site | Documentary Series, https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/trump-bukele-deportation-deal-cecot-prison-el-salvador/. Diakses 9 Okt. 2026.

“Trump Says He Won’t Sign Any Bills until SAVE America Act Passes.” NBC News, 8 Mar. 2026, https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-says-will-not-sign-bills-america-act-passes-rcna262336.

https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/examining-the-dojs-effort-to-prosecute-non-citizens-accused-of-voting. Diakses 9 Okt. 2026.

264. Mengapa Mitos Pemungutan Suara Non-Warga Negara Bertahan | Brennan Center for Justice. 5 Okt. 2026, https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/why-myth-noncitizen-voting-persists.

Bedekovics, Gréta, dan Sydney Bryant. “Undang-Undang SAVE Act: Gambaran Umum dan Fakta.” Center for American Progress, 31 Jan. 2025, https://www.americanprogress.org/article/the-save-act-overview-and-facts/.

“‘Big Lie’ 2.0: Klaim-Klaim Palsu Trump tentang Pemungutan Suara Non-Warga Negara Menyiapkan Lahan untuk Menggoyahkan Pemilu.” NBC News, 25 Okt. 2024, https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trump-election-results-2024-noncitizens-voting-big-lie-rcna175552.

J, dkk. “Bagaimana Partai Republik Membawa Ide Baseless tentang Pemungutan Suara Non-Warga Negara ke Arus Utama pada 2024.” NPR, 18 Okt. 2024. Untangling Disinformation. NPR, https://www.npr.org/2024/10/16/nx-s1-5147790/noncitizen-voting-claims-trump.

———. “Bagaimana Trump Mengandalkan Teori Konspirasi Rasial untuk Mempertanyakan Hasil Pemilu.” NPR, 13 Sept. 2024. Race. NPR, https://www.npr.org/2024/09/13/g-s1-22583/trump-great-replacement-conspiracy-theory.

M, dkk. “Republik Republik Berupaya Menghentikan Pemungutan Suara Non-Warga Negara dalam Pemilu Federal. Itu Sudah Ilegal.” NPR, 12 Apr. 2024. Elections. NPR, https://www.npr.org/2024/04/12/1244302080/trump-johnson-noncitizen-voting-bill.

Orey, Wren, dkk. “Enam Hal yang Perlu Diketahui tentang SAVE America Act.” Bipartisan Policy Center, 17 Jul 2026, https://bipartisanpolicy.org/article/five-things-to-know-about-the-save-act/.

Richman, Jesse, dkk. “Apakah Non-Warga Negara Memilih dalam Pemilu AS?” Electoral Studies, vol. 36, Jan. 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2014.09.001.

“Mengapa Sangat Sulit Menjadi Warga Negara AS?” American Immigration Council, https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/blog/is-it-hard-to-become-a-us-citizen/. Diakses 13 Okt. 2026.

Siti Aulia Putri

Siti Aulia Putri

Saya adalah jurnalis independen yang fokus pada pemeriksaan fakta, literasi media, dan analisis informasi digital di Indonesia. Saya menulis untuk membantu pembaca memahami berita secara kritis dan membedakan fakta dari konten menyesatkan. Melalui PMJNEWS.com, saya berkomitmen menjaga integritas, transparansi, dan tanggung jawab dalam setiap karya jurnalistik.